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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 63 No. 8 1230-1234
© 1980 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Extracellular Amino Acid Effects on Milk and Intracellular Amino Acid Pools with Bovine Mammary Cells in Culture1

R. M. Clark2, P. T. Chandler, C. S. Park and A. W. Norman

Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061

ABSTRACT

Increases in free intracellular amino acids are associated with increased protein synthesis. Responses in synthesis of (ß-casein and (ß-lactoglobulin and of intracellular amino acid pools to graded concentrations of amino acids in the medium were observed. Mammary tissue from two Holstein cows was dispersed and cultured for 18 h with Eagle's minimal essential medium containing 1, 3, 5, or 7 times the basic concentration of amino acids. Synthesis of (ß-casein and (ß-lactoglobulin increased with concentration of amino acids in the medium. Intracellular pools of amino acids not provided by the medium (serine, proline, alanine, glycine, glutamic acid, ornithine) generally decreased with increased concentrations of amino acids in the medium, the exception being ornithine which increased with extracellular amino acids. Lysine, histidine, tyrosine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, arginine, and threonine intracellular pools increased with increased amino acids in medium. Intracellular cystine responded with a small linear increase to increased amino acids in the medium, while intracellular tryptophan and methionine did not respond, indicating potential limitations from these amino acids.

FOOTNOTES

1 Approved for publication by the Director, Division of Animal and Veterinary Sciences. Appreciation is expressed to E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company for partial support of this investigation.

2 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06268.






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Copyright © 1980 by the American Dairy Science Association ®.