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Department of Bacteriology, New York Experiment Station, Geneva, New York
ABSTRACT
One of the infrequently used biological stains concerning which there has been so much confusion as to give trouble both to biologists and to the manufacturers and dealers supplying them with stains is thionin. A little discussion, therefore, of the uses for this stain and its synonymy seems worth while.
One of the first—perhaps the first—to introduce it into this country was Dr. M. P. Ravenel, then of the University of Pennsylvania. He learned to use the stain in Paris. Later going to Germany he was unable to get the desired results with the thionin found there and so he sent to France for the brand he had first used. He convinced himself that there were great differences between the thionins on the market. Returning to America he had the French dye imported from E. Cogit & Cie., of Paris.
A more recent use for this dye was suggested by Frost when he proposed his "little plate" technic for studying and counting bacteria in milk.2
1 Chairman of Commission on the Standardization of Biological Stains.
2 W. D. Frost, Improved technic for the micro or little plate method of counting bacteria in milk, Jour. Inf. Diseases, 1921, xxviii, 176-184. See also Standard Methods of Bacteriological Examination of Milk, 3rd, ed., 1921, p. 18.
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