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Influence of Environment on Passive Immunity in Calves¹

Animal Sciences Department, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721

ABSTRACT

Passive immunity in neonatal calves is influenced by environment. Placing newly born Holstein calves (108 head) in three different housing environments (shade, cooled shade, hutch) during hot weather produced differences in body temperature, serum cortocosteroids, immunoglobulin IgG₁ concentrations, and mortality. Experimental design permitted examination of effects due to treatments, time, differences in colostrum, and climatic environment in an analysis of variance. Calves exposed to the hotter, less desirable environment responded by having a higher mortality, higher serum corticosteroid concentration, and lower serum immunoglobulin IgG₁ at 2 and 10 days after birth. All of these were correlated. Calves that died had serum immunoglobulin IgG₁ falling below the mean for all experimental calves.

¹ Journal paper 2544 of the Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station.