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Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis and Bovine Virus Diarrhea

Department of Large Animal Surgery and Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824

ABSTRACT

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), a herpesvirus, produces a disease of varying clinical manifestations. The disease is widespread in the United States and causes serious economic loss to the livestock industry.

The infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus is transferred readily by contact and contamination. It is introduced most often to a herd by the addition of infected animals. It can be spread by obviously sick cattle or by cattle shedding virus in the absence of clinical signs. Intermittent recurrence of virus shedding occasionally occurs long after apparent recovery, indicating that the virus exists as a latent infection.

Six clinical syndromes, in addition to the inapparent form of the disease, are associated with IBR virus infection.

This is the respiratory form of IBR. It is characterized by fever, profuse nasal discharge, distressed breathing, decreased appetite, and depression. Outbreaks vary from mild to severe.

This ocular form of the disease is characterized by inflamed mucous membranes of the eyes, tearing, and pus in the corners of the eyes.