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Preservation of and Animal Performance on High Moisture Corn Treated with Ammonia or Propionic Acid^{1 ,2,}

Department of Dairy Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824

ABSTRACT

High moisture shelled corn (27% moisture) was treated with ammonia or propionic acid and stored with minimal protection. Treatments were compared for storage losses of the additive, inhibition of temperature increases and fungal growth, and effects on animal performance. After 3 to 7 mo of storage, recovery of added ammonia was 50% while that of propionic acid was 88%. Ammonia, added at 1% delayed heating for up to 280 days, with the lower percents giving poorer protection. Ammonia and propionic acid decreased initial fungal counts. Incubation of ammonia-treated corn at 25 to 28 C increased fungal counts with no change in corn treated with propionic acid. Milk yields were lower in cows fed corn treated with insufficient ammonia to retard heating and fungal growth than for those fed corn treated with propionic acid or higher ammonia. Dairy heifers readily consumed ammonia-treated corn when it comprised 70% of their ration dry matter and grew equally to those fed propionic-treated corn. Dry matter and apparent nitrogen digestion were similar for ammonia- and propionic-treated corns whereas true nitrogen digestion was higher for propionic. Nitrogen retention was slightly higher for ammonia corn because of the greater nitrogen intake.

¹ Published wth approval of the Director of the Agricultural Experiments Station as Journal Article No. 7284.

² This research was partially supported by a grant furnished by Celanese Chemical Co., Corpus Christi, TX, and NIH Training Grant GMO 1818.

³ Animal Science Department, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond 40475.