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Primary Sequence of Beta, Gamma, and Minor Caseins¹

Eastern Regional Research Center², Philadelphia, PA 19118

ABSTRACT

This report describes research of many investigators. The primary sequence of ß-casein was worked out at the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-J o s a s, France, by Ribadeau-Dumas, Brignon, Gros-claude, and Mercier. The isolation of -casein, TS-, R- and S-caseins was accomplished at the Eastern Regional Research Center by Groves et al. The hypothesis that these might be fragments of ß-casein was formulated on experimental results by Gordon, Groves, Greenberg, Jones, Kalan, Peterson, and Townend, together with some information in the early publications on ß-casein from Jouy.

A brief review of early important developments in the chemistry of ß- and -caseins might begin with the observation of Osborne and Wakeman in 1918 that a small portion of acid-precipitated casein is soluble in 50% ethanol (25). The soluble protein contained only .1% P compared to .85% for unfraction-ated casein. These pioneers in fractionation of casein probably prepared something similar to what was later called -casein.

¹ Presented at the Sixty-eighth Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, June 25, 1973.

² Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.