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Effect of Amount and Frequency of Feeding Safflower Oil on Related Milk, Blood, and Rumen Components¹

Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706

ABSTRACT

Two trials with 12 Holstein cows in early to mid-lactation were similar in experimental design. In Trial 1, four cows were assigned to each of the following treatments: (1) Control (conventional ration); (2) Control + 250 ml safflower oil fed once daily; and (3) Control + 500 ml safflower oil fed once every other day. In Trial 2, four cows were assigned to each of the following treatments for the experimental period: (1) Control; (2) Control + 500 ml safflower oil fed once daily; and (3) Control + 500 ml safflower oil fed once every 4th day. Milk fat percent and milk fat production decreased in all oil-fed groups versus their respective controls, with no significant differences between oil treatments within each trial.

In Trial 1 milk fat percentages during preliminary periods were 3.2, 3.1, 3.2 compared to 3.2, 2.9, and 2.7% during the experimental period. Similar results for Trial 2 were 3.5, 3.2, 3.7 compared to 3.7, 2.7, and 3.3%. Oil supplementation significantly lowered percentages of 12- and 16-carbon fatty acids in the milk fat and increased percentage of mono-unsaturated 18-carbon fatty acids.

Plasma cholesterol was elevated with oil feeding, and a tendency for a negative arteriovenous difference for free fatty acids was observed. Uptake of triglyceride 18-carbon fatty acids by the mammary gland was selective in Trial 2. There were no significant differences in milk yield, protein, solids-not-fat, rumen volatile fatty acids, pH, arterial amounts, arteriovenous differences for blood glucose and acetate, and plasma triglycerides in either trial.

¹ Research supported by the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison.

² Current address: Department of Dairy Science, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.