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Gene Frequencies of Electrophoretically Determined Polymorphisms in Guernsey Blood and Milk^1,2,

ABSTRACT

The milk and blood of 6,787 first lactation Guernsey cows from 78 herds in 11 states were typed for _s1-casein, ß-casein, -casein, ß-lactoglobulin, hemoglobin, and serum transferrin. Milk proteins were typed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at Delaware, hemoglobin and transferrin by slab and disc polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at Ohio. Gene frequencies were: _s1-casein B .74, _s1-casein C .26; ß-casein A1 .011, ß-casein A2 .952, ß-casein A3 .004, ß-casein B .014, ß-casein C .019; -casein A .72, -casein B .28; ß-lactoglobulin A .38, ß-lactoglobulin B .62; transferrin A .37, transferrin D .62, transferrin E .0002; hemoglobin A .87, hemoglobin B .13. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium existed in all but the ß-lactoglobulin system where there were significantly fewer heterozygotes than expected. Two-way and three-way contingency tables indicated nonindependence of _s1-casein and -casein, ß-casein and -casein, _s1-casein and ß-casein, and transferrin and hemoglobin.

¹ Published with the approval of the Director of the Delaware Agricultural Experimental Station as Miscellaneous Paper 678, Contribution 12, of the Department of Animal Science and Agricultural Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark.

² Samples from research project entitled "The Relationship of Genetic Biochemical Differences in Blood and Milk of Guernsey Cattle to Their Economically Important Traits", Delaware Agricultural Experimental Station, Newark, Delaware, and Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, cooperating. Supported in part by funds supplied by Guernsey breeders, the American Guernsey Cattle Club, and the University of Delaware Research Foundation.

³ Department of Animal Science and Agricultural Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark 19711.

⁴ Department of Dairy Science, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.

⁵ Department of Animal Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick 08902.

⁶ Computing Center, University of Delaware, Newark 19711.