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Effects of Prepartum Energy Intake and Calcium to Phosphorus Ratios on Lactation Response and Parturient Paresis

Department of Animal Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84601

ABSTRACT

Estimated digestible energy values of 115 and 170% of maintenance were offered 60 days prepartum to 188 mature (one or more lactations) Holstein cows in Experiment I and 170 cows in Experiment II. Forages and concentrates were group fed in controlled amounts with a mineral supplement provided ad libitum. Calcium to phosphorus ratios of 2.3:l and 1.8:l were calculated from feed intakes in the 115% digestible energy (L1) and 170% digestible energy (H1) treatments, respectively, in Experiment I. In Experiment II ratios were 1.5:l (L2) and 1.7:l (H2) in the 115% and 170% digestible energy groups. Cows were offered 12.3 kilograms concentrates, 15.0 kilograms corn silage, and 6.4 kilograms alfalfa hay daily during early lactation in Experiment I and 11.4 kilograms concentrates, 13.6 kilograms corn silage, and 9.1 kilograms alfalfa hay in Experiment II.

Unadjusted 305-day yields of milk, fat, and solids-not-fat were 6,916, 219, and 590 kilograms (L1); 6,980, 229, and 603 kilograms (H1); 7,315, 242, and 602 kilograms (L2); and 6,769, 240, and 576 kilograms (H2). Incidences of parturient paresis with associated calcium to phosphorus ratios were 2/97 (2.3:1), 18/94 (1.8:l), 7/88 (1.5:l), and 11/82 (1.7:1)