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Chemical Aids to Preservation of High Moisture Feeds

U.S. Department of Agriculture

ABSTRACT

In three laboratory trials we evaluated effectiveness of several chemicals as mold inhibitors for storage of grains and forages. Chemicals tested were sodium chloride, sodium propionate, propionic acid, 57% acetic:40% propionic acid, and ammonium isobutyrate. Laboratory trials varied, but propionic acid was the most effective mold inhibitor. With small snow-fence stacks of forage we also evaluated effectiveness of propionic acid, acetic:propionic acid (57:40), and ammonium isobutyrate for preventing molding and heating. Ammonium isobutyrate and acetic:propionic acid produced less temperature rise than other treatments. Propionic acid prevented the temperature from going as high as the control stacks. Ammonium isobutyrate was the most effective preventor of mold and forage shrinkage in forage stacks. Propionic acid was an effective mold inhibitor for grains and forages stored in jars with the only air exposure through a loose lid. This would be more like silo grain and forage storage than the stack experiment.

¹ ARS, Nutrition Institute, Ruminant Nutrition Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705.

² Present address: ARS, International Programs Division, European Regional Office, American Embassy, Rome, Italy.