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Effects of Sub-Lethal Heat-Shock, ß-Alanine, and L-Alanine on Germination and Subsequent Destruction of Bacillus Spores by Pasteurization¹

Dairy Science Department, University of Georgia, Athens 30601

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this investigation was to stimulate the germination of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus licheniformis spores with sub-lethal heat-shock and chemical germinants so the germinated spores might be destroyed by conventional pasteurization. Heat-shock was at 65, 75, and 85 C with no hold. Effects of L-alanine, ß-alanine, and a combination of heat-shock plus either amino acid were also determined.

ß-Alanine alone stimulated germination of some spores of both organisms in skim-milk, but its effectiveness was much less than that of L-alanine. Heat-shock alone was more effective as a germination stimulant than was ß-alanine, and a combination of the two produced no more germination than either alone. L-Alanine alone or combined with heat-shock caused almost complete germination and subsequent destruction of the spores by pasteurization, especially if the treated product was held 15 min at 37 C.

¹ Journal Series Paper 1056. University of Georgia College of Agriculture Experiment Stations, College Station, Athens.