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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 55 No. 2 232-237
© 1972 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Reevaluation of the Minimum Vitamin A Requirement of Holstein Male Calves based upon Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure1

H. D. Eaton, J. E. Rousseau, Jr., R. C. Hall, Jr. and H. I. Frier

Nutritional Sciences Department

J. J. Lucas

Storrs (Conn.) Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06268

ABSTRACT

Forty-one male Holstein calves whose average age was 60 days, live weight 74 kg and plasma vitamin A concentration 8.4 µg/100 ml were fed a vitamin A depletion ration plus one of five daily vitamin A acetate intakes equivalent to 4, 12, 16, 64 or 256 µg of retinol per kilogram of live weight for 16 weeks. Daily ration consumption averaged 3.0 kg/day, and live weight increased .81 kg/day. The incidence of diarrhea, the number of treatments for diarrhea, and the number of calves exhibiting convulsions were greater in the calves fed the lowest vitamin A intake of 4 µg. Average plasma vitamin A concentrations increased .8 µg/100 ml for each 10% increase in vitamin A intake and terminal values increased .9 µg/ 100 ml. Cisternal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressures were maintained at a geometric mean of 68 mm of saline at vitamin A intakes greater than 29 µg per kilogram of live weight. For each 10% decrease in vitamin A intake below the 29 µg intake, CSF pressure increased by 8.6%.

FOOTNOTES

1 Scientific Contribution 485, Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Connecticut, Storrs. The statistics were calculated at the University of Connecticut Computer Center which is supported in part by a National Science Foundation Grant GJ-9.




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