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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 54 No. 5 681-687
© 1971 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Growth and Efficiency of Holstein Steers as Influenced by Live Weight and Energy Intake1

C. N. Almquist2, V. H. Brungardt, W. J. Tyler and R. C. Waldman3

Department of Dairy Science, Department of Meat and Animal Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706

ABSTRACT

This investigation was to determine the influence of two energy intakes (H and M) in various sequences on live and carcass weight and muscle gains of 162 Holstein steers between birth and slaughter at 91, 227, 340, 454, or 590 kg live weight. Steers on M were fed to gain daily 60 to 70% of those on H fed ad libitum.

Live and carcass weight followed the expected sigmoid curve with steers on H gaining more rapidly than those on M. Before 227 kg live weight, daily increase of muscle was greater and was influenced more by energy intake than increase of "fat or bone. At heavier live weights rate of fat deposition accelerated markedly and was influenced most by energy intake. Compensatory growth was noted when steers were switched from M to H at 454 kg live weight.

Digestible energy and fed dry matter were utilized less efficiently for live and carcass weight and muscle increase as steers were fed to heavier weights. Efficiency of utilizing digestible energy for live weight and muscle gains was either similar for the two energy intakes or higher for steers on H than those on M. Steers on H utilized digestible energy more efficiently for carcass weight gain at all live weights. However, steers on H digested the ration less efficiently and the cost of digestible energy in the H ration was higher.

FOOTNOTES

1 Published with approval of the Director of the Wisconsin. Agricultural Experiment Station. This investigation was supported in part by Research Contract 12-14-100779(51) from the Animal Husbandry Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, USDA Beltsville, Maryland.

2 Present address: Southwest Wisconsin Vocational-Technical School, Fennimore, Wisconsin.

3 Present address: Food Products Division, Union Carbide Corporation, Chicago, Illinois.






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Copyright © 1971 by the American Dairy Science Association ®.