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Effect of Feeding Carbofuran on the Physiology of the Dairy Cow and on Pesticide Residues in Milk

Department of Dairying
and Department of Agricultural Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37901

ABSTRACT

One Holstein cow was given one dose of 5 g carbofuran in a gelatin capsule, and 8 cows were fed carbofuran of from 0.5 to 3.0 g per day mixed with silage for an extended time to determine the effect of pesticide on the physiology of the cow and on residues in milk.

The 5 g single dose caused acute symptoms of toxicity within 30 minutes. However, the cow recovered following atrophine administration. The addition of 0.5 to 1.0 g of carbofuran to silage caused some minor nervous symptoms in cows immediately following initial feedings. At subsequent feedings, silage consumption was slower and no clinical symptoms were observed.

The concentration of carbofuran in silage had a significant effect (P < .01) on the voluntary intake of silage. A regression analysis indicated that there was a significant depression (P < .01) of 0.03 kg of silage intake for every increase of 1 ppm of carbofuran added over the experimental range (12 to 147 ppm).

The only residue detected in the milk was the metabolite, 3-hydroxycarbofuran, ranging from nondetectable amounts to 0.26 ppm. An average of 0.05% of the concentration of carbofuran consumed was excreted in the milk as the 3-hydroxy metabolite.