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Field Use of Bovine Vaccines

Department of Infectious Diseases, Dow Chemical Company, Zionsville, Indiana 46077

ABSTRACT

There is ample evidence that at least 3 bovine viruses occur commonly in cattle populations in the United States, and each is capable of producing a disease syndrome. The severity of the disease produced will vary with each virus and is described as follows:

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a respiratory disease characterized by inflammation, edema, hemorrhage and necrosis of the respiratory passages. Other clinical manifestations, including pustular vulvo-vaginitis, conjunctivitis, abortions, and encephalitis are caused by IBR virus.

Bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) is a widespread contagious disease of cattle causing a variety of clinical signs, including mild or inapparent, acute and chronic forms. The disease affects primarily the digestive tract, causing congestion, hemorrhage, edema, and erosions of the oral mucosa and other areas of the gastrointestinal tract. Laminitis with a resulting lameness is another symptom often observed with BVD.

Bovine parainfluenza (PI-3) is a widespread virus that produces a mild, transient respiratory disease in susceptible cattle.