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Association Between Milk and Blood Polymorphism Types and Lactation Traits of Holstein Cattle

Department of Dairy Science, Ohio State University and Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and Dairy Cattle Research Branch, Columbus, Ohio

ABSTRACT

Relationships between polymorphism type at nine genetic loci and first lactation production of Holstein cows were investigated. The total data included 3,107 lactations, which represented 18 years, 126 sires, and 8 herds. The analyses included adjustments for herd, sire, year, and season effects. Significant milk and fat yield differences were indicated for the F blood group system. Constant estimates for the F^F/F^F, F^F/F^V, and F^V/F^V genotypic classes were -80, -191, and 271 kg milk, and -4.3, -9.0, and 13.3 kg fat, respectively. Also, milk and fat yield differences were significantly associated with the five genotypic classes involved at the transferrin locus. Constant estimates for the Tf^A/Tf^A, Tf^A/Tf^D, Tf^A/Tf^E, Tf^D/Tf^D, and Tf^D/Tf^E cows were 348, 158, -56, -42, and -409 kg milk, and 13.8, 5.5, -5.1, 1.7, and -16.0 kg fat, respectively. Alleles at the B blood group locus were significantly associated with fat percentage differences. There was some evidence of association between S locus alleles and fat yield differences. In general, the A, J, L, and Z loci appeared to have no noticeable effects on the three production traits. Also, analysis of a smaller number of animals (669) failed to indicate any relationship between ß-lactoglobulin type and the production traits.