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Acetate Kinetics in Normal and Ketotic Cows¹

School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square

ABSTRACT

A solution containing acetate-¹⁴C was infused into two cows during spontaneous ketosis, then later when each was normal. A series of blood samples was taken, and radiochemical analyses were performed for plasma acetate and glucose, and blood CO₂. The acetate entry rates were 1,900 and 3,500 g/day during ketosis, 3,100 and 4,300 g/day normal, respectively. The fraction of plasma glucose-carbon derived from plasma acetate-carbon was 6% in all four experiments. The fraction of blood CO₂-carbon derived from plasma acetate-carbon was 33% in three experiments and 64% in one normal. The entry rates in normal cows were about 25–30% higher than previous estimates of ruminal production rates of acetate; this agrees with a previous estimate of endogenous acetate production in fed sheep. The lower entry rates during ketosis probably reflect lower ruminal production rates, as these two cows had exhibited inappetence for several days.

¹ This work was supported by the U.S. Public Health Service, Grant AM-04927. Technical assistants were Gail McCahon, Kaye Johnson, and Haynes Howard.