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Influence of Drying Techniques on Some Properties of Nonfat Dried Milk

Dairy Products Laboratory, Eastern Utilization Research and Development Division, USDA, Washington, D. C.

ABSTRACT

The bulk density, particle density, sinkability, and dispersibility of nonfat dried milk was varied by vacuum shelf drying, instantizing, and foam-spray-drying techniques. Good sinking and dispersing properties were obtained only by vacuum shelf drying, instantizing conventional spray-dried material and foam-spray-drying with low levels of CO₂ or N₂ incorporated into the concentrate prior to drying. All spray-dried powders having instant action were at least partially aggregated. The bulk density of these aggregated materials was relatively low. Incorporation of low levels of CO₂ into the concentrates was done by direct injection of the liquefied gas under pressure, decomposition of ammonium carbonate, and addition of CO₂ gas immediately ahead of the high pressure pump. High bulk density products having good sinking and dispersing properties were obtained by adding detergents to the concentrate and spray drying under conditions which produced in-dryer particle aggregation.