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Effect of High-Urea Supplementation on Feed Intake and Milk Production of Dairy Cows¹

Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames

ABSTRACT

Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of urea on ration palatability, milk yield, and economy of nitrogen utilization. In Experiment 1 concentrate acceptability was studied with 20 cows assigned to two 5 x 5 Latin squares balanced for residual effects. Addition of 2.2 and 2.7% urea and 15.9 and 19.0% corn cobs to the concentrates significantly (P < .01) depressed intake, but there was no interaction between urea and cobs. Milk production appeared to be directly related to concentrate intake (P < .01). Concentrate intake was also depressed (P < .05) in a ration containing 1.9% urea and 4.7% molasses. In Experiment 2, 24 cows, assigned to three groups for an 80-day continuous feeding trial, were offered isocalorie, isonitrogenous rations. Groups 2 and 3 received silage to which 5.0 kg of urea was added per metric ton at time of ensiling. Supplemental nitrogen was soybean meal in concentrates for Groups 1 and 2 and urea for Group 3 (1%). Milk yields; silage, concentrate, and hay intakes; and body weight gains (kilograms/day) for Groups 1, 2, and 3 were, respectively: 26.2, 25.2, 25.2; 23.0, 22.7, 23.6; 11.1, 11.5, 11.2; 2.3, 2.3, 2.3; 0.34, 0.36, 0.38. Differences in milk yield and composition were not significant.

¹ Journal Paper no. J-5508 of the Iowa Agricultural and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa. Project no. 1541.

² Present address: Centro de Investigaciones Veterinarias, Maracay, Venezuela.

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