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Dietary Fat Levels and Carbohydrate and Fat Metabolism in Calves¹

Department of Animal Husbandry, University of California, Davis

ABSTRACT

The potential usefulness of enzymatic criteria as indices of metabolic adaptations to changes in the proportions of major and minor dietary components has been emphasized (4). Recent studies of effects of high-carbohydrate-low-fat diets upon B-vitamin requirements of calves have indicated that metabolic changes might be involved (4, 9). Enzymatic techniques have been employed effectively in characterizing metabolic changes which occur in rats when fed high-carbohydrate compared to high-fat diets (1, 8, 10). Therefore, a study of enzyme activities in livers of calves fed high-carbohydrate: low-fat diets was undertaken.

Two simple, semisynthetic diets were fed with and without added fat. One diet (A) was composed of nonfat milk solids, 42.8% ; dried whey, 26.1%; and dextrose, 30.4%; and the other (B) was composed of nonfat milk solids, 53.2%, and dextrose, 46.8%. Vitamin A, 5,000 IU, vitamin D, 500 IU, and 3.3 g of a salt mix were added per pound of dry solids.

¹ Supported in part by Grant no. AM-05745-02, National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Disease, Public Health Service.