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Effect of Preliminary Incubation (55 F/18 HR) on Microflora of Raw Bulk Tank Milk, with Some Observations on Microflora Milking Equipment

Department of Dairy and Food Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

ABSTRACT

The bulk milk cooler is now widely used for the storage of milk on the farm. The bulk cooler maintains the milk at temperatures of 34–40 F, practically eliminating multiplication of bacteria in the milk. As a result, it has been suggested that it is possible for the milk producer to be less fastidious in cleaning and sanitizing milking equipment and still meet the required bacteriological standards. To distinguish milk produced under unsanitary conditions from milk produced under ideal conditions, the incubation of raw milk before testing has been advocated by Chalmers (2) and Johns (3, 4). The time-temperature combinations suggested were 60 F (approx.) for 21 hr (2), and 55 F for 18 hr (3). Johns (4) stated that high-quality milk, obtained by carefully milking a clean, healthy udder would contain only the microflora of the udder, which have an optimum growth temperature close to 98 F and are capable of only limited multiplication at 60 F; whereas, milk produced under unsanitary conditions would contain saprophytes derived from dirty equipment and these organisms are able to multiply at temperatures below 60 F.