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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 47 No. 4 391-401
© 1964 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Chronic Hypervitaminosis A in Holstein Male Calves1

D. G. Hazzard2, C. G. Woelfel, M. C. Calhoun, J. E. Rousseau, Jr. and H. D. Eaton

Animal Industries Department

S. W. Nielsen and R. M. Grey

Animal Diseases Department

J. J. Lucas

Storrs (Conn.) Agricultural Experiment Station, Storrs

ABSTRACT

Beginning at two and one-half months of age, daily vitamin A intakes from 62.5 through 16,000 µg per pound of live weight were fed to 28 calves for 12 wk. At intakes (estimated by regression) above 3,981 µg the ration consumed decreased and above 3,311 live weight gain decreased. Characteristic signs of hypervitaminosis A were observed in calves fed an 8,000 intake or above. Heart rate was elevated at intakes greater than 1,820 and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure decreased above 1,445. Vitamin A concentrations in plasma increased across all intakes and in liver up to an intake of 5,623, thereafter decreasing. Plasma ascorbic acid decreased across all intakes and tocopherol to 2,399, but thereafter increased slightly. The range of intakes above which increases or decreases were estimated to occur for serum protein fractions, inorganic phosphorus, and transaminase (GOT and GPT) and alkaline phosphatase activities and prothrombin time were from 1,000 through 4,365. At intakes exceeding 99, CSF protein fractions were affected. Liver, heart, and kidney weights per unit live weight increased above intakes of 1,995, 3,981, and 3,467. Metacarpal bones exhibited change in composition at intakes greater than 603.

FOOTNOTES

1 Scientific contribution No. 58, Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Connecticut, Storrs. This study was supported in part by grant-in-aid funds provided by PHS research grant, NB-0210805, from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness, Public Health Service.

2 Present address: Research Branch, Division of Radiological Health, USPHS, Rockville, Md.






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Copyright © 1964 by the American Dairy Science Association ®.