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Fate of Atrazine, Kuron, Silvex, AND 2,4,5-T in the Dairy Cow

Departments of Entomology and Animal Husbandry, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

ABSTRACT

Atrazine (2-chloro-isopropylamino-6-ethyl-amino-s-triazine), kuron [propylene glycol butyl ether esters of 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid], silvex [2-(2,4,5-trichlorophe-noxy) propionic acid], and 2,4,5-T (2,4,5-tri-chlorophenoxyacetic acid) are often used for weed and brush control in the vicinity of forage crops. The reality of contamination of forage by drift or uptake prompted the study of the fate of these herbicides in the dairy cow.

No residues of these herbicides were found in the milk. About 2% of intact atrazine was eliminated in the urine. About 67% of the kuron was hydrolyzed and eliminated as silvex (sodium salt) in the urine. Within experimental error, silvex and 2,4,5-T appeared to be totally eliminated in the urine as salts.

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

Four Holstein cows were catheterized and each was fed one of the herbicides at the 5 ppm level (based on a daily ration of 50 lb) for four days. The pure herbicides in absolute ethyl alcohol (except atrazine, which was dissolved in acetone) were mixed with the grain.