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Variations in Per Cent of Protein, Milk Fat, and Solids-not-fat between Milkings and during the Milking Process¹

Department of Dairy and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst

ABSTRACT

A total of 1,290 individual evening and morning milk samples in 11 herds of three breeds was tested for protein, solids-not-fat, and milk fat. Morning sample means were lower than evening samples for all components, milk fat 0.73% lower, solids-not-fat 0.11%, and protein 0.03%; whereas, milk weights were 4.21 lb higher. These differences and those between herds, herds by time of day and breed were all statistically highly significant. The differences between milking intervals of 12–12 and 10–14 hr were highly significant for milk fat and significantly different for solids-not-fat.

Ten cows of each of four breeds were sampled at four stages of the milking process in the evening and morning. Protein and solids-not-fat percentages tended to drop as the milking process progressed, but the milk fat percentage increased markedly. The differences for solids-not-fat and fat were highly significant.

Aliquot samples of evening and morning milk are not needed for protein testing, but they would be needed for solids-not-fat testing based on the milk fat test.

¹ Contribution from the Massachusetts Experiment Station, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Mass.

² Present address: Department of Dairy Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.