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Apparent Incorporation of Ammonia and Amino Acid Carbon During Growth of Selected Species of Ruminal Bacteria

Animal Husbandry Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, A.R.C., Beltsville, Maryland

ABSTRACT

Apparent NH₃ and amino acid-C¹⁴ incorporation into cells during growth of 22 strains representing 14 species known to be among the predominant rumen bacteria in cattle on many dietary regimes was determined in an anaerobic medium containing both NH₃ and protein hydrolysate-C¹⁴ as sources of nitrogen. Representatives of six ruminal species incorporated large amounts of C¹⁴—5.1 to 8.8% of total culture C¹⁴ per micromole of trichloroacetic acid-precipitable nitrogen produced (TCA-N)—and either incorporated little NH₃ or produced it, and none require exogenous NH₃. Strains of six species incorporated large amounts of NH₃ (0.8–2.0 mole per mole TCA-N), small amounts of C¹⁴ (0.5–2.3%) and require NH₃. Strains of two species incorporated small amounts of C¹⁴, variable amounts of NH₃, and do not require exogenous NH₃. One of the latter species did not incorporate a large amount of C¹⁴, even when forced to utilize mainly protein hydrolysate nitrogen other than NH₃. Three strains requiring NH₃ fixed intermediate amounts of both C¹⁴ and NH₃. The results suggest that a significant proportion of the rumen bacterial population prefers to synthesize much of its cellular constituents from NH₃-N and carbon sources other than amino acids.

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