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Neutralization of Bovine Enteroviruses by Colostrum, Milk, and Blood Serum¹

Departments of Dairy Science and Bacteriology The Ohio State University, Columbus

ABSTRACT

Serum and colostrum samples from seven parturient cows, milk from these animals after seven or more days of lactation, and serum samples from their offspring before and after nursing, have been tested for their ability to neutralize two serologic types of bovine enteroviruses isolated from the same dairy herd. In most, the descending order of the neutralizing potencies of these samples was: colostrum, parturient cow serum, postnursing calf serum, prenursing calf serum, and normal milk. The neutralizing potency of normal milk was found to be negligible, and five prepartum milkings in one cow were found to decrease the antibody content of the mammary secretions to that of normal milk.

The efficiency with which ingested colostral antibody was absorbed into the blood stream was apparently quite high in newborn calves but somewhat decreased if nursing was deferred for 22 or even 12 hr after birth. There was no apparent correlation between the levels of neutralizing antibody in the serums of calves at the end of the first week of life and the age at which enteroviruses were first detected in rectal swabs from these animals.

¹ This investigation was supported in part by a research grant, E-2092, from the National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service.