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Measurement of Metal Loss from Stainless Steels Caused by Alkaline Detergents¹

Department of Food Science

S. T. Bass

Department of Biochemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan

ABSTRACT

Davis (2) emphasized that the only completely satisfactory way of testing detergents and methods for cleaning was to try the method and the detergent under the existing conditions for the detergent operation concerned. The desirability of evaluating metal removal by detergents under similar conditions is evident.

A consideration of a combination of factors suggested the colorimetric diphenylcarbazide method for chromium VI to be a promising technique for measuring metal removal from stainless steels. The postulation was to measure removal by analyzing used detergent solutions for chromium, done after the detergent solutions had been used to clean stainless steel surfaces. Chromium was selected as the index of metal removal because of its presence in stainless steels. When found in the used detergent solutions, chromium would presumably have been removed from the stainless steel surface. Unlike iron, chromium is not commonly present in water supplies. Therefore, chromium would not be inherently present as a contaminant in testing procedures.

¹ Journal Article Number 2953, Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station.