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Thyroxine Turnover Methods for Determining Thyroid Secretion Rates in Dairy Cattle^{1, 2,}

Department of Dairy Science, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Sussex

ABSTRACT

Various radiothyroxine and normal thyroxine turnover methods for rapid determinations of thyroid secretion rate were compared within animals. The preferred radiothyroxine method was an isotope dilution procedure based on the decline in specific activity of PBI following the injection of I¹³¹-labeled L-thyroxine. The preferred normal thyroxine turnover method was a chemical procedure based on the decline in plasma PBI after the injection of nonradioactive thyroxine. Daily thyroid secretion rates (per 100 lb. body weight), determined by the isotope dilution and chemical PBI methods, respectively, averaged 0.40 and 0.39 mg. in 14 young bull calves and 0.14 and 0.13 mg. in four nonlactating cows. In the cows, daily thyroid secretion rates (per 100 lb. body weight), determined by the commonly used thyroxine replacement method based on the inhibition of thyroidal-I¹³¹ release, averaged 0.13 mg. A simple correlation coefficient of 0.93 was found between thyroid secretion rates determined by the isotope dilution and the chemical thyroxine turnover methods in bull calves. Error coefficients of variation of thyroid secretion rates obtained from duplicate determinations in four cows were 9.7 and 11.5% for the isotope dilution and chemical thyroxine turnover methods, respectively. Evidence is presented that the turnover rate of I¹³¹-labeled L-thyroxine is not influenced significantly by the recycling of I¹³¹ through the thyroid during the first 96 hr. after radiothyroxine injection or by the single large dose of normal thyroxine used in the chemical thyroxine turnover method.

¹ Paper of the Journal Series, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers—The State University, New Brunswick. Data in this paper were from a thesis presented by the senior author in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.

² This study was part of a Northeast Regional Research Project (NE-41, Endocrine Factors Affecting Reproduction and Lactation in Dairy Cattle), a cooperative study involving agricultural experiment stations in the Northeastern Region and supported in part by regional funds of the United States Department of Agriculture.

³ Present address: Cattle Research Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.