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Preparation, Assay, and Preliminary Characterization of Bovine Gastrin

Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery University of Washington, Seattle

ABSTRACT

A gastrin-like gastric secretory stimulant was isolated by an alkaline extraction method from pyloric and fundic mucosae of the bovine abomasum. Secretory activity was measured after subcutaneous injection into Gregory and Heidenhain pouch dogs. The injected material was shown not to be histamine. The reaction to bovine gastrin is usually delayed for 60 to 90 min., in contrast with porcine gastrin, which reacts within 30 min., and with histamine, which reacts in even less time. The most active fractions of bovine gastrin were obtained by isoelectric precipitation at pH 3.0–4.0, in contrast with porcine gastrin, which has highest activity in the fraction precipitated at pH 5.0–5.5. The response to bovine gastrin, as is the case with the porcine material, persists for from 2 to 4 hr., contrasting with the speedy decline after response to histamine. In preliminary purification, we found a nondialyzable fraction, perhaps conjugated with or tenaciously held by a larger molecule, and a dialyzable fraction. Partial purification by ion-exchange has been effected. Preliminary chemical analysis shows that crude bovine gastrin is very similar to crude porcine gastrin in IR and UV spectra and phosphorus content.

¹ To whom inquiries regarding this paper should be directed.

² This work was supported in part by a research grant to T.L.F. and H.N.H. (A-2341) from the National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service, and was presented in part by one of us (W.R.A.) at the June, 1961, A.D.S.A. Meeting, Madison, Wisconsin.