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Relative Value of Carotene and Vitamin A Fed at Medium Levels in a Milk Replacer¹

Storrs (Conn.) Agricultural Experiment Station

ABSTRACT

Several studies (5, 7, 9, 14) have shown that emulsiflcation of the oil carrier of vitamin A or carotene by use of dispersing agents or homogenization and aqueous dispersions or colloidal suspensions resulted in increased utilization of carotene or of vitamin A. Little information, however, existed on the relative value of carotene and of vitamin A when fed over a range of intakes in a milk replacer diet. The following study presents a comparison of the relative values of carotene to vitamin A, both in water-dispersible forms and vitamin A from a feeding oil when incorporated into a milk replacer.

Twenty-four one-day-old Holstein male calves obtained from various Connecticut State institution herds during the period November, 1958, to January, 1959, were brought to the research barn and placed in individual tie stalls. Upon arrival, each calf received one 500-mg. oblet of chlortetracyeline- Calves nursed their dams, or were given 8.0 lb. of colostrum during their first day, 8.0 lb. of whole milk on their second and third day, 8.0 lb. of two-thirds whole milk and one-third liquid milk replacer, fourth day, 8.0 lb. of one-third whole milk and two-thirds liquid milk replacer, fifth day; and 8.0 lb. of liquid milk replacer, sixth and seventh day.

¹ This study was supported in part from funds provided by Wirthmore Feeds, Inc., Waltham, Mass. The authors are grateful to B. A. Donohue and T. Watts for care of the animals, to Mrs. Mae Miller for technical assistance, to Dr. R. H. Bunnell, Hoffman-LaRoche, Nutley, N.J., for supplying the vitamin supplements, and to Dr. H. J. Fisher, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, for proximate analysis of the milk replacer. A preliminary report of this study was presented at the North Atlantic Section meeting of the American Society for Animal Production, August 25–26, 1959, Storrs, Conn.