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Protein-Bound Iodine in the Blood of Dairy Cattle Fed a Trace-Mineralized Salt¹

Dairy Department, Clemson Agricultural College, Clemson, South Carolina

ABSTRACT

Protein-bound iodine (PBI) was determined on the blood plasma of cows, heifers, and calves fed 1% trace-mineralied salt in the concentrate mixtures. The iodine in the salt was in the form of cuprous iodide and 3,5-diiodosalicylic acid. The PBI of milking cows averaged 15.62 per 100 ml. at 30 days postpartum, 13.34 at 150 days, and 10.93 at 270 days. The PBI averaged 24.13 per 100 ml. for Holsteins, 19.89 for Brown Swiss, 15.81 for Jerseys, and 15.16 for Guernseys. The range of PBI values for all milking cows was 4.69 to 44.28 per 100 ml. Highly significant differences in PBI levels of milking cows were found in respect to stage of lactation, breed, and season of year. The PBI was higher in spring and summer, declining to a low in January. Correlation coefficients between PBI and 4% FCM produced were positive for all breeds and significantly so in most of the comparisons. However, the significance of the correlations is questionable, because of the possible masking by the trace-mineralized salt.

The PBI levels of calves and heifers varied widely, ranging from 2.02 to 46.67 per 100 ml. of plasma. With calves and heifers the differences were significant for breed, highly significant for seasons, and nonsignificant for age. In general, the plasma PBI levels decreased with age. No significance relationship was found between PBI and growth as measured by increase in height at withers. The feeding of the trace-mineralized salt containing cuprous iodide and 3,5-diiodosalicylic acid apparently caused the high values found.

¹ Technical Contribution No. 324, South Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.

² Data presented are part of a thesis by the senior author submitted to the Graduate School of Clemson College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science.