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Genetic and Environmental Factors Affecting the Solids-Not-Fat Composition of Milk

Department of Animal Industry, North Carolina State College, Raleigh

ABSTRACT

Evidence has been summarized from published studies which bear on the genetic and environmental influences on SNF composition of milk. Reports concerning the influence of season and climate, stage of lactation, and age of cow appear to be consistent enough to point out the general nature of the relationships. There is a pressing need for solid information on the nutritional influences on SNF, both from a fundamental and from a practical standpoint. The reasons for specific nutritional and physiological responses still are largely-unexplained.

Breed and sire differences for SNF constituents, broadly suggesting that part of the variation in milk composition is genetic, have been known for some time. Within the past 5 yr. preliminary estimates of genetic parameters, e.g., heritabilities and genetic correlations, have suggested that selection for SNF constituents should be effective. However, more precise information is sorely needed regarding the magnitude of both genetic and environmental parameters, so as to assist in developing breeding plans as soon as the long-range market requirements for individual SNF constituents are known.

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