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Ultra-High-Temperature Short-Time Experimental Studies on Fluid Milk Products. Experimental Equipment¹

Department of Food Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana

ABSTRACT

Two heaters have been used to experimentally sterilize small quantities of fluid milk products. The Mallory tubular heater has a capacity of 200 gal/hr and a product flow-rate of 23 ft/sec, but it can be increased to 300 gal/hr. Sections of this heater can be used either as pre-heating, heating or holding tubes for a calculated time of 2.08 sec. each, and they are accurate and efficient, due to the high ratio of length to diameter (2,296:1). The products can be homogenized either before or after sterilization, or both, and over a range, of temperatures and pressures.

The DeLaval plate heater has a heating, a cooling, and two regenerating sections which make it possible to homogenize the product at different temperatures. The. plates can withstand pressures up to 60 lb/in², are 0.043-in. thick with a corrugated profile, and have 1.51 ft.² each of surface. The K factors (B.t.u/hr/ft²/° F.) for the heating, regenerating, and cooling sections are 700, 300, and 500, respectively. Vacuum- and pressure-steam can be used, depending on the desired temperatures. Two temperature controls are used, one with a vacuum pump in the condensate side of the heating system for about 220° F. and lower, and the other one, with a. steam trap, to maintain temperatures of about 300° F. An apparatus was constructed in which milk products can be put aseptically, in sterile glass bottles and in sterile metal cans, either in a normal atmosphere or in one of: an inert gas. Detailed dimensions are given.

¹ Supported in part by U. S. Public Health R. S. Grant 1947.

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