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Effects of Penicillin on the Morphology of Streptococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Leuconostoc dextranicum¹

Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, Gainesville

ABSTRACT

Numerous reports have appeared in the literature on the effect of penicillin upon the growth and acid production of lactic acid bacteria. Inhibition of growth or of acid production by penicillin in lactic cultures is the basis for tests that have been developed to detect penicillin and other antibiotics in the milk supply. Reviews by Overby (7), by Stoltz and Hankinson (9), and by Berriidge (3) cover the subject thoroughly.

Werber-Alture et al. (10) and Pulvertaft (8) reported that penicillin, in low concentrations, caused morphological changes in Escherichia coli cultures. Chain et al. (4) observed this same reaction using Staphylococcus cultures. Gardner (5) observed morphological changes caused by penicillin in a variety of cultures. Baughman and Nelson (2) reported similar results with some lactic cultures after this study was in progress.

This investigation was made to determine the effect of penicillin on the morphology of certain lactic acid bacteria.

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

Cultures of Streptococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Leuconostoc dextranicum, obtained from the Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, were used in the study.

¹ Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Journal Series No. 875.