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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 42 No. 5 799-808
© 1959 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Taxonomic Study of High Carbon Dioxide-Producing Lactic Acid Streptococci Isolated from Mixed-Strain Starter Cultures1

W. E. Sandine, P. R. Elliker and A. W. Anderson

Department of Bacteriology, Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station, Corvallis

ABSTRACT

A taxonomic and serological investigation was carried out on strains of high CO2-producing lactic acid streptococci isolated from commercial mixed-strain starter cultures causing the floating curd defect in cottage cheese. Non-CO2-producing lactic acid streptococci found in mixed-strain starter cultures also were studied. Known cultures designated as Streptococcus lactis, Streptococcus cremoris, Streptococcus diacetilactis, Leuconostoc citrovorum, and Leuonostoc dextranicum were included for comparative purposes.

The high CO2-producing lactic acid streptococci were identified in this study as S. diacetilactis. S. lactis and S. cremoris species easily were identified by salt tolerance, growth temperature and hydrolysis of arginine. S. diacetilactis gave characteristic cultural and serological reactions and, along with S. lactis and S. cremoris organisms, was distinguishable from Leuconostoc species by litmus milk reaction at 30° C.

The name Streptococcus cremoris var. aromaticus was suggested to identify two cultures which seemed intermediate between S. cremoris and S. diacetilactis. Test methods employed did not distinguish between organisms designated as L. citrovorum and L. dextranicum, but the one culture of Leuconostoc mesenteroides used in the study was easily identified by its ability to liberate ammonia from arginine which none of the associative organisms could do.

FOOTNOTES

1 Published as Technical Paper No. 1183 with the approval of the Director of the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station.






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Copyright © 1959 by the American Dairy Science Association ®.