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Mode of Action of Hypochlorite Sanitizers with and without Sodium Bromide¹

Department of Dairy Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus

ABSTRACT

Increases in bactericidal effectiveness of solutions of a hypochlorite sanitizer of high alkalinity with NaBr·2H₂O added were related directly to the concentrations of NaBr·2H₂O, with the effect of chlorine being negligible. Solutions containing constant concentrations of NaBr·2H₂O and increasing concentrations of the alkaline hypochlorite sanitizer decreased in relative effectiveness with increasing concentrations of the sanitizer. This reduction in effectiveness appeared to be related to increases in pH of the solutions. The term active chlorine is proposed to express the per cent of the total available chlorine obtained by titration of a chlorine solution without acidification. The amount of active chlorine in a hypochlorite solution is related to the pH of the solution; consequently, to the bactericidal effectiveness and corrosiveness of the solution. Explanation is offered as to the reason why NaBr · 2H₂O increases the effectiveness of hypochlorite solutions of high alkalinity. The merits of considering bacterial resistance to germicides on the basis of species, rather than on the basis of the gram-stain reaction, are discussed.

¹ Article No. 15: 57. Supported by a grant from the Diversey Corp., Chicago, Illinois.