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New Developments in the Propagation of Lactic Cultures: Culture Media and Bacteriophage Inhibition^{1, 2,}

Dairy Department, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana

ABSTRACT

Lactic cultures which do not produce acid uniformly every day present an important problem to the dairy industry. Studies on the causes of slow acid production, or complete failure of a culture to produce acid, indicate that bacteriophage often is responsible. Since bacteriophage has been recognized as an important cause of culture failure, many recommendations have been made to limit its entrance into cultures and to decrease its activity. Culture selection, sanitation programs, culture rotation, and propagation of mother cultures and preparation of intermediate and bulk cultures in a relatively bacteriophage-free area, have been helpful in decreasing culture failures. However, these methods have not entirely eliminated the bacteriophage problem.

A medium which would support good growth of lactic cultures, but which would not permit bacteriophage development would be of value to the dairy industry, provided that the use of such a medium would not constitute adulteration. The addition to a medium such as milk, of some nontoxic substance that would prevent bacteriophage development but permit good growth of the culture organisms, would also have possibilities.

¹ Published with the approval of the Director of the Purdue Agricultural Experiment Station as Journal Series Paper No. 1223.

² Presented at Research Conference held at Beltsville, Maryland, October 30, 1957, by the Eastern Utilization Research and Development Division, USDA, Philadelphia, Pa.