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Application of Gas-Liquid Partition Chromatography to the Study of Volatile Flavor Compounds

Department of Dairy Industry, University of California, Davis

ABSTRACT

Gas-liquid partition chromatography is a relatively new technique holding great promise for the study of volatile compounds. The technique was applied to the ether extract of a starter distillate concentrate. Five fractions were isolated. One of these was identified as ethyl ether, which originated from the experimental procedure. The identities of three, ethyl alcohol, biacetyl, and acetic acid, were confirmed through the formation of derivatives. Methyl acetate was identified by establishing the retention volumes of the unknown and its hydrolysis products as being coincident with the retention volumes of methyl acetate and methyl alcohol and acetic acid, respectively.

Although this technique possesses many advantages, it should be recognized that it does possess certain limitations. A few of these are that the limited sample size makes it difficult to recover appreciable amounts of any given component, the sample must be reasonably concentrated and volatile, and it must be stable under the conditions employed. The method does not offer a panacea for all of the problems encountered in the study of volatiles. It can be a powerful and relatively inexpensive tool.