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Measurement of Testicular Size and its Relation to Production of Spermatozoa by Bulls

American Foundation for Biological Research, Madison, Wisconsin

ABSTRACT

To attain most rapid improvement of dairy cattle and efficient operation of bull studs, it is imperative that the maximum number of cows be bred to outstanding sires by artificial insemination. One line of study that may contribute to the attainment of this objective is the development of a method to measure quantitatively the spermatozoan-producing capacity of individual sires in regular service in bull studs.

The initial step toward measuring the full reproductive capacity of bulls was made by Kirillov and Morozov (13). They compared production of spermatozoa by bulls ejaculated at different frequencies, and collected as many as 24 ejaculates from a bull in 27 hr. Shortly thereafter, Walton and Edwards (22) collected a number of ejaculates from bulls at intervals of a few minutes and termed the technique the exhaustion test. Edwards (8) adapted this technique to the estimation of number of spermatozoa produced per gram of testis per week.

¹ Present address of authors: Department of Dairy, Michigan State University, East Lansing.