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Significant Developments in the Distribution and Pricing of Market Milk in the United States, 1906–1956

Department of Agricultural Economics, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.

ABSTRACT

Food distribution in general and milk distribution in particular are among our most stable industries. It is only when we occasionally pause to review their progress that we realize how much they have changed in the last 10, 25, or 50 years. It seems logical to discuss these developments under several headings, namely: Sales and Consumption Trends; Technological Developments; Changes in Marketing Organization and Methods; Pricing Arrangements; and Public Control.

Sales and Consumption Trends

Total sales and consumption of fluid milk and cream have increased gradually but significantly during the last 50 years and, in fact, for a much longer time. The quantity of milk used for these purposes in 1955 is estimated at 58 billion pounds, 85% more than was consumed in 1909, the earliest year for which data are available (10). Most of the increase in consumption of milk and cream has been due to the steady growth of population, which rose from 92 million in 1909 to 165 million in 1955.