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A Novel Glass Vacuum Concentrator

University of Illinois, Urbana

ABSTRACT

An all-glass vacuum concentrator has been developed which is highly efficient in drying a variety of biological materials from the frozen state. A novel feature of the concentrator is the method of sealing the evaporating surface to the cold, condensing surface. The seal is made by two ground glass surfaces in proximity as in a desiccator and top. A short, unobstructed vapor path for maximum efficiency is possible with this design. The equipment is easily assembled and disassembled, permitting ready access to the dried sample, and can be conveniently adapted to either small or large scale concentrations.

This concentrator has been employed effectively in removing water from various biological preparations, including bacteria. It has been used for low temperature removal of formic and acetic acids and ammonium formate. The evaporation of 500 ml. of water can be accomplished in 8 to 10 hours when the water is frozen directly on the evaporating surface. For small scale evaporations, a glass plate (A) adapted to carry test tubes can be inserted into area (B), as shown in the diagram.