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Carotene in the Ration of Dairy Cattle. II. The Influence of Suboptimal Levels of Carotene Intake upon the Microscopic Aspect of Selected Organs^{1, 2,}

Departments of Dairying and Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State College, Corvallis

ABSTRACT

It is well established that carotene and/or vitamin A deficiencies affect the structure of tissues and organs. The data have been obtained for the most part from small laboratory animals and to a lesser extent from bulls and newborn calves from cows fed carotene and/or vitamin A-deficient rations. Little information is available on the effect of suboptimal carotene and/or vitamin A intake upon the histological aspect of tissues, particularly when the deficient ration has been fed for extended periods of time during the lifespan of individuals, or through two or three generations.

Numerous workers (2, 3, 4, 7) have reported cystic pituitaries and degenrative changes in the testicles of bulls on carotene-deficient diets. Erb and co-workers (2, 3) demonstrated histopathological changes in the anterior pituitary and adrenals of bulls on a carotene-deficient ration. Jungherr and associates (6) reported consistent changes in the anterior pituitary and a decrease in the number of chromophilic cells.

¹ Approved for publication as Technical Paper No. 896 by the director of the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station.

² Regional Cooperative Research—W-2, Causes and Prevention of Breeding Failure. California, Colorado, Idaho, Washington, and Dairy Research Branch USDA Cooperating.

³ Present address: Department of Dairy Science, University of Illinois, Urbana.