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The Effect of Exposure to High Ambient Temperature on Spermatogenesis in the Dairy Bull¹

Department of Animal Industry, N. C. State College, Raleigh

ABSTRACT

The effects of seasonal influences on reproductive activity in domestic animals have been reviewed in detail by Anderson (4), and seasonal variations in reproductive activity in the dairy bull have been reported by several investigators (1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 12). Recently, Weeth and Herman (13) have reported a seasonal variation in the motility and longevity of dairy bull semen, indicating a mid-summer maximum followed by a sharp decline in September and then a significant increase in October, suggesting a delayed detrimental effect of high environmental temperature. Mercier and Salisbury (8) reported a low level of sperm production during June and July in five Holstein and five Guernsey bulls, accompanied by lower than average levels of fertility for these 2 months. Subsequent studies by Mercier and Salisbury (9, 10) indicate that hours of daylight are a predominant factor in seasonal variations in fertility. Erb and Waldo (6) observed a relationship between season and non-return rates in bulls used for artificial breeding.

¹ Approved for publication as paper no. 437 in the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station.

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