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Action of Bacteriophage on Mixed Strain Starter Cultures. I. Nature and Characteristics of the "Nascent Phenomenon"

Division of Dairy Industry, University of California, Davis

ABSTRACT

The nascent phenomenon was found to occur with two of 14 strains of bacteriophage. The acid-producing abilities of Streptococcus lactis W2 and Streptococcus cremoris HP were drastically reduced when either was cultured with bacteria-bacteriophage combination 712-F56; further, W2 produced very little acid when cultured with combination HP-F59. In cases where the homologous host bacteria were omitted and in eases where secondary growth cultures of the host bacteria were used, acid production was not reduced, unless very large numbers of bacteriophage were employed.

Large numbers of either F56 or F59 definitely retarded the acid production of W2, even in the absence of host bacteria. Particles of bacteriophage F56 were found capable of preventing normal multiplication of W2 cells. However, multiplication of the bacteriophage apparently stopped prior to completion, and bacteriophage capable of complete multiplication on W2 were absent. The homologous host which previously has been found necessary to occurrence of this phenomenon seemed essential only as a means of supplying large numbers of bacteriophage.

A definite specificity of the nonhomologous culture was found necessary to occurrence of the nascent phenomenon, and differences were found in the selective abilities of different strains of bacteriophage.