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Toxicological Effects of Toxaphene on Dairy Cows

Texas Agricultral Experiment Station, College Station

ABSTRACT

The effectiveness and wide use of chlorinated hyydrocarbons as insecticides, not only on the bodies of dairy cows but on the forage crops which they consume, have resulted in considerable interest in the toxicity of these materials upon dairy animals. Considerable work has been done with DDT, and there is ample evidence that DDT is excreted in the milk of dairy cows sprayed with this material. Much less information is available on the newer chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides. The research reported in this paper was limited to the study of the toxicological effects of toxaphene (chlorinated camphene) because this insecticide is being widely used in the control of grasshoppers on forage and pasture crops and in the control of flies, lice and ticks on cattle.

Studies reported by workers in the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine of the United States Department of Agriculture (6, 7) indicate that toxaphene compares favorably with lindane, methoxychlor and DDT in the control of horn flies and probably is equal to DDT and BHC in the control of the lone star tick.

¹ Present address: Buckeye Cotton Oil Co., Cincinnati, Ohio.