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Effect of Temperature and Drying on Activation of Male Hormone of Cow Manure¹

Department of Dairy Husbandry, University of Missouri, Columbia

ABSTRACT

1. Sun- and air-drying were less effective than fanning for drying manure, but none of these methods was as effective as drying at 45° C. for 48 hours.
   
2. Feeding of fresh manure was without effect, indicating that the male hormone in fresh cow manure is biologically inactive.
   
3. The previous observation that heating fresh manure at 80° C. inactivated the hormone was confirmed; however, when the manure is dried at 45° C, it may be wet and redried at 80° C. or heated at 80° C. for 24 hours without loss of activity.
   
4. Heating cow manure at 45° C. without drying for periods varying from 3 to 48 hours was without beneficial effect.
   
5. Autoclaving the manure at 15 lb. pressure for 25 minutes neither improved the activity when fed moist nor seriously depressed the activity when dried subsequently at 45° C.
   
6. When manure dried at 45° C. was reheated for 24 hours at 65° C, the apparent activity was almost doubled. Heating at both 85 and 105° C. resulted in activity equal to the control sample, but heating at 125° C. inactivated the hormone rather severely.
   

¹ Contribution from the Department of Dairy Husbandry, Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station, journal series no. 1151.