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The Inheritance of Functional Causes of Reproductive Inefficiency: A Review¹,^,2

Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Division of Dairy Husbandry, Saint Paul, Minnesota

ABSTRACT

That fertility is affected by the genotype of mates is borne out by observation, the opinion of popular writers in dairy cattle breeding and by research investigators. This has led to the need of paying attention to the reproductive efficiency of the family from which a prospective herd sire comes.

The great variation in the use of the terms fertility, infertility, sterility, reproductive efficiency, and others suggests the need for some delimitation of the different terms in the interest of clarity. Spielman and Jones (113) and Gregory et al. (37) considered the problem from its broad aspects and studied the integrated effect of all factors up to and including parturition, i.e. gametogenesis, estrous, ovulation, fertilization, implantation, gestation and parturition. Other workers, including Gowen (34) and Eckles (24), have used the number of services per conception as an indication of fertility. This criterion measures fertility at the earliest time possible for cattle.

¹ Paper no. 2434, Scientific Journal Series, Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station.

² Based upon a paper presented in the symposium on Reproductive Problems of Dairy Cattle at the 43rd Annual Meeting.

³ Present address: Department of Dairy Husbandry, The Ohio State University.