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The Pharmacodynamics of Ascorbic Acid in Cattle. I. Absorption and Elimination^{1, 2,}

Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station, Lafayette, Indiana

ABSTRACT

1. The ascorbic acid content of whole blood and blood plasma was significantly increased within 15 minutes after placing ascorbic acid into the rumen, reticulo-omasal-abomasal orifice, small intestine, cecum, and colon. These increases persisted for only 2–3 hours.
   
2. Holding ascorbic acid solution against the rumen wall significantly increased the ascorbic acid content of whole blood and blood plasma.
   
3. Very little ascorbic acid was recovered in the urine following digestive tract administration, and only 9.2 and 12.3 per cent, respectively, were recovered following subcutaneous and intravenous administration. The recovery of ascorbic acid was greatly increased when these types of administration were made to steers receiving chlorobutanol.
   
4. The administration of chlorobutanol into the rumen, colon, and cecum at the rate of 5 g. daily for 15 days or subcutaneous administration at the rate of 3 g. daily for 5 days significantly increased urinary elimination of ascorbic acid the fourth day after the start of treatment. Blood ascorbic acid was not increased by either method of chlorobutanol administration.
   
5. Calculations made to determine the ascorbic acid content of blood cells indicated that the vitamin passed freely between blood cells and blood plasma, although in the case of subcutaneous or intravenous administration blood plasma values were at times considerably higher than for whole blood.
   
6. The hemoglobin content of blood was significantly decreased by bleeding cattle at frequent intervals.
   

¹ Contribution from the Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Journal Paper no. 302, Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station.

² Portion of a thesis presented by the senior author to the faculty of the Graduate School, Purdue University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, February, 1947.

³ Present address, Division of Dairy Husbandry, The State College of Washington, Pullman.