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The Effect of Supplementary Vitamins on Blood Composition, Liver Storage, and Incidence of Scours in Calves

Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, Wooster, Ohio

ABSTRACT

1. Calves fed extra vitamin A, either 10,000 USP units daily for 20 days or 250,000 USP units on the third and tenth days, maintained a higher blood plasma vitamin A level after the third day than did their controls.
   
2. Liver vitamin A storage was increased with increased vitamin A intake. Plasma vitamin A and liver storage were not closely correlated except at low levels of liver storage.
   
3. The daily addition of 50 mg. of niaein when 250,000 USP units of vitamin A were fed on the third and tenth days had no effect on blood plasma or liver storage vitamin A values.
   
4. Except for a slight increase between the third and seventh days, no effect was observed on the plasma ascorbic acid content when 250 mg. Of ascorbic acid were fed daily for 20 days.
   
5. No significant effect on lowering the incidence or severity of scours could be detected when supplementary vitamins were added to the normal ration according to the procedures described.
   

It is concluded that routine supplementary feeding of vitamin A, ascorbic acid, and niacin to calves during the first few weeks following birth is of doubtful value in preventing scours. The feeding of supplementary vitamin A at the rate of 10,000 USP unite daily for 20 days or 250,000 USP units on the third and tenth days will help overcome any deficiency of vitamin A intake resulting from inadequate feeding of colostrum and whole milk, from impaired absorption, or from subsequent feeding of poor-quality hay.

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