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Studies of the Carbohydrate Metabolism of Mammary Gland Tissue in Vitro. II. The Metabolism of Citric acid and ß-Hydroxybutyric Acid in Tissue Slices¹

University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota

ABSTRACT

While it has long been known that normal milk contains relatively large amounts of citric acid, no reference has been found as to its source. Analysis of simultaneously drawn arterial and mammary vein bloods failed to reveal any significant difference in the values for this substance indicating very little or no uptake of citric acid by the mammary gland from the blood.

To account for all of the citric acid found in milk by uptake from the blood would practically exhaust the latter of this substance in its course through the gland since it is several hundred times as concentrated in the milk as in blood. This fact suggests that citric acid is synthesized in the mammary gland and gives rise to speculation as to its blood precursors and the mode of synthesis.

Shaw and Knodt (4) working with intact cows and Shaw and Petersen (5) using the perfusion technique have demonstrated that the active mammary gland uses large quantities of ß-hydroxy butyric acid.

¹ Taken from data presented in a thesis to graduate faculty of the University of Minnesota by C. B. Knodt in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Scientific Journal Series Paper No. 2256 Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station.